Class 9 Geography Chapter 2: Physical Features of India

 Class 9 Geography  Chapter 2: Physical Features of India

The Himalayan Mountains

  • Q: What are the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas in their longitudinal extent?

    • A: The Great or Inner Himalayas (Himadri), the Lesser Himalayas (Himachal), and the Shiwaliks.

  • Q: Which is the highest peak of the Himalayas located in India?

    • A: Kanchenjunga (8,598 meters).

  • Q: What are 'Duns'?

    • A: The longitudinal valleys lying between the Lesser Himalayas and the Shiwaliks, such as Dehra Dun and Kotli Dun.

  • Q: What is the 'Purvanchal'?

    • A: The eastern extension of the Himalayas beyond the Dihang gorge, comprising the Patkai hills, Naga hills, Manipur hills, and Mizo hills.

The Northern Plains

  • Q: Which three major river systems formed the Northern Plains of India?

    • A: The Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra.

  • Q: What is 'Bhabar'?

    • A: A narrow, 8 to 16 km wide belt of pebbles lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks where river streams disappear.

  • Q: What is the difference between 'Bhangar' and 'Khadar'?

    • A: Bhangar is the older alluvium containing calcareous deposits (kankar), while Khadar is the newer, younger, and highly fertile alluvium of the floodplains.

  • Q: What does the term 'Doab' mean?

    • A: A tract of land lying between two intersecting rivers (made up of two words: 'do' meaning two and 'ab' meaning water).

  • Q: Which is the largest inhabited riverine island in the world?

    • A: Majuli, located in the Brahmaputra river.

The Peninsular Plateau

  • Q: What are the two broad divisions of the Peninsular Plateau?

    • A: The Central Highlands and the Deccan Plateau.

  • Q: Which is the highest peak in the Western Ghats?

    • A: Anai Mudi (2,695 meters).

  • Q: Which is the highest peak in the Eastern Ghats?

    • A: Mahendragiri (1,501 meters).

  • Q: What is the 'Deccan Trap'?

    • A: The western part of the Peninsular Plateau, characterized by black soil formed from volcanic origin (igneous rocks).

The Indian Desert and Coastal Plains

  • Q: Which is the only large river found in the Indian Desert region?

    • A: The Luni river.

  • Q: What are 'Barchans'?

    • A: Crescent-shaped sand dunes that cover large areas of the Indian Desert.

  • Q: What are the three sections of the Western Coastal Plains?

    • A: The Konkan (Mumbai-Goa) in the north, the Kannad Plain in the center, and the Malabar coast in the south.

  • Q: What are the two broad divisions of the Eastern Coastal Plains?

    • A: The Northern Circar in the north and the Coromandel Coast in the south.

  • Q: Which is the largest salt water lake in India located on the eastern coast?

    • A: Chilika Lake in Odisha, located south of the Mahanadi delta.

The Islands

  • Q: What is the origin of the Lakshadweep Islands?

    • A: They are composed of small coral island groups.

  • Q: Where is India's only active volcano located?

    • A: On Barren Island in the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands.

  • Q: Which island in the Lakshadweep group has a bird sanctuary and is uninhabited?

    • A: Pitti Island.


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